السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته
هذا الموضوع يحتوى على بعض النصائح لمن أراد تعلم اللغة الانجليزية بمناسبة افتتاح القسم الجديد
و هو مكتوب باللغة الانجليزية وفيه شرح مبسط لأهم النقاط به باللغة العربية
و أرجو أن يفيد أعضاء المنتدى الكرام ....
Basic Tips
Learning English requires action. You may know all the learning tips, but if you don't start doing things, you will achieve nothing. The fact is, if you want to learn to speak English well, you must change your life. Here are some examples of things you will have to do
read a book in English for an hour every day, analyzing the grammar in sentences and looking up words in an English dictionary
listen to an audiobook or other recording in English, stopping it frequently, trying to understand what is being said, and trying to imitate the speaker's pronunciation
spend your afternoon practicing the pronunciation of the English "r" sound
carefully write an e-mail message in English, using a dictionary or a Web search every 20 seconds to make sure every word is correct, and taking 5 minutes to write one sentence
think about an English sentence you've read, wondering if it could say "a" instead of "the" in the sentence, and trying to find similar sentences on the Web to find out the answer
walk down the street and build simple English sentences in your head (talking to yourself in English about the things you see around you)
What kind of person would do all these crazy things? Only one kind. The kind of person who enjoys doing them. If you want to learn to speak English well, you're going to have to become that person. You cannot hate doing these things. Have you ever heard of a person who became successful by doing something he hated
يجب أن تطبق ما تعلمت ... فإذا تعلمت و لم تطبق فسيضيع مجهودك سدى...
فمثلا:
1- اقرأ ساعة يوميا مع ملاحظة القواعد النحوية و البحث عن الكلمات فى القاموس
2- استمع للكتب المسموعة أو أى مادة صوتية أخرى مع ملاحظة طريقة نطق القارئ و محاولة فهم كل كلمة تقال
3- حاول ممارسة طريقة النطق هذه بنفسك
4- اكتب رسالة بالانجليزية مع استخدام القاموس أو الانترنت كوسيلة للمساعدة للتأكد من صحة كل كلمة تكتبها
5- كون جمل بسيطة بالانجليزية فى رأسك عما ترى أثناء سيرك فى الشارع
6- فكر فى الاحتمالات المختلفة لطريقة تكوين الجملة مستعينا بالانترنت فى ذلك
و يجب عند فعل هذه الأشياء أن تحبها و تستمتع بها إذا كنت ترغب حقا فى الحصول على نتيجة
Using Dictionaries
An English dictionary is the most important thing you will need when learning English. A good dictionary will help you learn hundreds of new words, improve your pronunciation and grammar
استخدام القواميس:
القاموس هو أهم ما ستحتاج عند تعلمك الانجليزية لأنه سيساعدك على تعلم العديد من الكلمات الجديدة بالاضافة إلى تحسين طريقة نطقك و القواعد النحوية عندك...
English-English dictionaries
When you think of a dictionary, you usually think of a bilingual dictionary. For example, an English-German dictionary or a French-English dictionary. There is also another kind of dictionary: an English-English (monolingual) dictionary
Such a dictionary is written only in English. English words are not translated, but they are defined or explained in English
Why English-English dictionaries are better than bilingual dictionaries
English definitions are real English phrases with grammar and words. If you read them regularly, you will automatically memorize the grammar and words
English definitions let you learn more. You will often look up a word because it was part of the definition for another word. For example, if you look up the word naughty, you will read
If you say that a child is naughty, you think that he or she is behaving badly or is disobedient.
If you don't know the words disobedient and behave, you will have to look them up. So instead of one word, you will have learned three words!
القاموس ( انجليزى - انجليزى ):
من الطبيعى ان تفكر فى استخدام قاموس ( انجليزى - عربى ) و لكن ستندهش إذا علمت أن القاموس ( انجليزى - انجليزى ) و الذى يشرح معنى الكلمة بالانجليزية سيكون أكثر فائدة بالنسبة لك و ذلك للأسباب الآتية :
1- الشرح يكون بجمل انجليزية كاملة بقواعدها النحوية فإذا اعتدت قراءتها سيسهل عليك تذكر هذه القواعد
2- استخدام التعريف الانجليزى سوف يساعدك على تعلم المزيد
و سأوضح ذلك من خلال المثال الآتى:
If you say that a child is naughty, you think that he or she is behaving badly or is disobedient.
فأذا كنت لا تعلم الكلمات disobedient أو behave فسوف تبحث عنهم أيضا و بذلك تكون قد تعلمت ثلاث كلمات بدلا من واحدة
و لا تخف من استخدام القاموس الانجليزى لأنك لو استطعت فهم نصف هذه المقالة فبالتأكيد سوف تستطيع التعامل معه
You can damage your English by writing and speaking
How practice can damage your English
If you ask "How can I learn to speak English better?", many people will tell you "Practice, practice, practice". "Speak and write in English whenever you can" - they will say. All English classes are full of activities which involve speaking and writing. You produce sentences when you do an exercise in your textbook, when your teacher makes you speak in class, or when you have to write a composition. All these activities are supposed to help you with your English
We agree that practice can be very useful. It's even necessary to learn English well. So what's the problem? The problem is that for many learners, "speaking" or "writing" means "making a lot of mistakes Some people make a mistake in every sentence
If you don't make many mistakes, then you can speak or write in English and it can only help. But if you make many mistakes, then every time you write or speak, you reinforce your mistakes. As you write or speak, you repeat your mistakes constantly and your incorrect habits become stronger
احذر ... لا تفسد لغتك بنفسك:
كيف يمكن للممارسة أن تفسد من لغتك:
إذا سألت عن أفضل طريقة لتحسين لغتك سيجيبك الكثير بحماس شديد أن أفضل طريقة هى الممارسة ....
و نحن نتفق مع ذلك بل وهى من الضروريات لتعلم الانجليزية جيدا و لكن ....
إذا كنت مبتدئا فسوف تقع فى العديد من الأخطاء و التى قد تصل إلى خطأ فى كل جملة.. و هذا قد يؤثر سلبيا عليك لأنك بهذا تعتاد على هذه الأخطاء و يصعب إصلاحها فيما بعد...
Rules of error-free speaking and writing
Use simple language. Some beginners try to build very complicated sentences with things like the present perfect tense or conditionals. They make horrible mistakes. Don't do this! If you've just started to speak or write in English, you should say what you can say (simple sentences that you have seen many times) - not what you want to say (complicated sentences). You may feel you're talking like a child or that you are not expressing your thoughts, but don't worry about it. Right now, your task is not to express your thoughts freely; your task is to learn the language
Be slow and careful. In the beginning, you should write very slowly. If you need 2 hours to write an e-mail message with 10 correct sentences, that's okay. That's how long it should take if you're just starting to write
Why should it take so long? Because you should read your sentences many times, looking for mistakes. You should correct your own sentences frequently. You should check if your sentences are correct by using a dictionary and the Web. And you should look for example sentences to imitate
When you're speaking, it's okay to build a sentence for some time in your head before you open your mouth
If you're not sure how to say something, don't say it. If you can't say something correctly, it's almost always better not to say it. You don't want to teach yourself the wrong way to say it. You can try to look for the correct sentence in a dictionary or on the Web (see next point), but when speaking, usually you don't have time for that. So it's a good idea to say something else - something that you know is correct. It can even be something on a different subject
When writing, always look things up. Whenever you're not sure how to use a word, look it up in a good dictionary to find example sentences with it. When you've written something, and you are not sure if it's correct, search for it on the Web with Google. If many pages contain your phrase, then it is probably correct. Dictionaries and Google should be your everyday tools, and you should use them even many times in one sentence (especially if you've just begun writing in English)
Know where you can screw up. Sometimes learners don't even realize how different English is from their native language. When speaking, they translate word for word from their native language, and they think their sentences are okay
When reading or listening in English, pay close attention to things like word order, articles, prepositions, and tenses. Compare sentences in English with equivalent sentences in your native language. Notice the differences in words and in word order. This will make you more careful when speaking in the foreign language, because you will realize which parts of your sentences can be wrong and should be double-checked.
كيف تتجنب ارتكاب الأخطاء:
1- استخدم لغة سهلة : فبعض الناس يحاولون استخدام جمل معقدة مما يجعلهم يقعون فى أخطاء فادحة...استخدم جملا بسيطة و لا تخجل من ذلك ... المهم أن تعبر عما تريد قوله
2- تمهل و كن حذرا : عند الكتابة كن حذرا و راجع ما كتبت عدة مرات بحثا عن أخطاء
3- إذا لم تكن متأكدا من شئ ما فلا تقله ... فالأفضل أن تصمت بدلا من أن تعلم نفسك بطريقة خاطئة
4- ابحث عن الأشياء الغير متأكد منها عند الكتابة عن طريق الانترنت ( google ) ... إذا ظهرت جملتك فى العديد من المواقع فهذا دليل على صحتها
5- عند الاستماع أو القراءة قارن بين الانجليزية و بين لغتك الأصلية من حيث ترتيب الكلمات أو الأزمنة أو الضمائر لأن هذا مفيد جدا اتجنب الأخطاء لديك
"Will I ever be fluent if I speak so slowly and carefully?"
Don't worry about fluency. Fluency is easy to achieve by simply talking. If you practice speaking, you will be able to speak faster and faster. In high school, Tom achieved pretty good fluency in a month by talking to his English teacher (a native speaker) about two hours a week. That's only 8 hours of talking
In our opinion, it is much better to be slow and correct than be fluent and make a lot of mistakes. Why? Because if you are slow and correct, you can easily improve your speed and become fluent and correct. But if you are fluent and make a lot of mistakes, it is not so easy to remove your mistakes and become fluent and correct
If you follow the above rules and still make a lot of mistakes when speaking (= more than 1 mistake every 3 sentences), you should probably switch to writing for a while. Consider the following guidelines
First write, then speak
Don't speak until you've learned to pronounce English sounds
Don't say a word if you don't know how to pronounce it
هل سيمكننى يوما أن أتحدث بطلاقة إذا تحدثت الآن ببطء و حذر:
لا تقلق من هذا فستستطيع أن تتحدث بطلاقة مع الكلام المستمر و سرعتك فى الكلام ستزداد شيئا فشيئا..
فأنت إذا تحدثت اليوم ببطء تستطيع تحسين سرعتك فتكون النتيجة النهائية هى سرعة بالاضافة الى دقة
اما لو تحدثت بسرعة من البداية فستقع فى العديد من الأخطاء
إذا اتبعت الخطوات السابقة و لم تحصل على نتيجة مرضية ( خطأ واحد كل ثلاث جمل ) فعليك بالكتابة فقط لفترة من الوقت حتى تحسن من طريقة نطقك للكلمات
How to learn English pronunciation
Learn the sounds of English
It's not so important to spend a lot of time practicing; it's more important to do it regularly. Many learners find that just starting to pay attention to pronunciation helps them improve a great deal
It is a good idea to try to imitate English words whenever you're listening to anything in English (watching TV, watching a movie, etc.). You should also try to pronounce English words whenever you're somewhere alone with a little time to spare, e.g. while waiting for the bus, taking a shower, or surfing the Web. Once your mouth and tongue get used to the new sounds, you will not find them difficult at all
You will need at least some talent for imitating sounds (for instance, if you can imitate people in your own language, it should be easy for you to "do" English pronunciation). However, if you don't have these skills, you can achieve a lot with persistence and a little technology. One helpful technique is to record your voice and compare it with the correct pronunciation. This way, you can see where your pronunciation is different from the original and you can gradually make it more native-like
Oh, and one more thing: Don't let other people tell you that "since you are a foreigner, you will always have a foreign accent"
كيف تتعلم طريقة النطق:
استمع إلى الانجليزية:
ليس المهم الممارسة الكثيرة و لكن المهم الممارسة بانتظام
و من الطرق الجيدة أن تحاول تقليد شخص ما أثناء مشاهدة البرامج أو الأفلام الأجنبية كبطل الفيلم أو مقدم البرنامج أو أو ....
و أيضا حاول أن تنطق الكلمات الانجليزية بمفردك و فى أوقات فراغك
و إذا كنت لا تستطيع التقليد فبإمكانك تسجيل صوتك ثم مقارنته بالنطق الصحيح لترى مدى اختلافك عنه و بالتدريج ستعرف كيف تتكلم اللغة الانجليزية و كما يتحدث بها أهلها
و نصيحة لك : لا تستمع لمن يقول لك " ستملك دائما لكنة غريبة مادمت غريبا "
Learn the pronunciation of English words
How can you learn the pronunciation of an English word? You can look it up in a dictionary and read about how it is pronounced
تعلم كيف تنطق الكلمات:
عن طريق القاموس و الذى يتيح لك معرفة كيفية النطق عن طريق أمثلة توضيحية بأسفل كل صفحة
وشكرا
